This article presents an analysis of the actions of the Rastafarian community in the context of the ongoing decolonization processes in Jamaica. To achieve the goal of this research - to analyze the role of the Rastafarian community in the decolonization of Jamaica - tasks were set related to the analysis of the ideological base of the Rastafari, the study of the role of the spiritual leaders of this religious group in Jamaican late colonial politics, as well as the assessment of the influence of Rastafarian ideas in the post-colonial space. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the consideration of the Rastafarian movement not only as a non-state actor in international relations, but also as an active participant in decolonization. In the course of the study, the hypothesis posed about the Rastafarian influence on Jamaica's break with the British Empire was proved by studying the actions of the Rastafari, both with the help of sources left by the spiritual leaders of this movement, and with the help of studies that made it possible to confirm an extremely negative and, in some ways, very sharp reaction to this denomination of the British colonial authorities. The Rastafari movement in a short time managed to survive many metamorphoses associated with the need to adapt to the rapidly changing conditions of late colonial Jamaica. In fact, this movement, which glorifies the emperor of Ethiopia and seeks radical decolonization and the satisfaction of pan-African aspirations, played the role of an important antipode to the moderate supporters of decolonization in the person of Norman Manley and Alexander Bustamante, trade union leaders who sought to preserve both the Westminster system and friendly relations between London and Kingston. The Rastafarians, on the other hand, who wanted a radical change in Jamaican domestic and foreign policy, under the influence of the repressive measures of the colonial administration, experienced serious radicalization, which risked turning into either a civil war or multiple violent actions against the British. The further development of the Rastafarian community in the post-colonial world allowed it to abandon the doctrine of black supremacism and radicalism, focusing on Pan-Africanism and peaceful influence on the governments of Africa and the Caribbean.